I would think group A - 1/2" below the nock - should group better because there is a longer distance between the fletching and the balance point (even though the fletching is 1/2" further back, the balance point is only moved rearward a snitch). It based on levers and physics but that would be getting a bit deep into it.
The only reason most arrows are fletched about an inch below the nock is because that's where they were put "in the beginning". Archers needed an inch clearance for their fingers and tab to wrap around the string to keep from touching the fletching. With releases and D-loops, you could move the fletching back onto the nock as long as it doesn't touch the string at full draw.
One other thing to check is to nock tune or make sure the nocks are tuned on the flyers if they consistently are flyers. To identify consistent flyers number your arrows and see which ones are flyers or not. If they are consistent flyers consider rotate the nocks 1 vane and reshoot.
Roy
Does group A or group B give you a noticeably better "group" ?
If so, I might consider moving my sight to the better grouping arrows.
Just a thought.
Good luck
Something is not the same. These 2 groups of arrows are as identical as it may appear. If they were, there is NO way that the location of the fletching would make a 3-4 inch difference. It is not like the location of the fletching creates lift, and A has less lift than B. Impossible.
Group B arrows are not the exact same as group A. They are considerably lighter.
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